1.1 长方体与正方体 Rectangular Prisms & Cubes
2.1 球体的体积与表面积 Volume & Surface Area of Spheres
对比其他几何体,球的体积增长得最快(r³),表面积次之(r²),直径只增长 r。
2.2 球内接正方体 Cube Inscribed in a Sphere
3.1 割补法 Dissection & Complementation Method
不规则立体图形可通过切割或补全转化为规则图形。
3.2 相似比与体积比 Similarity Ratio & Volume Ratio
3.3 排水法(浸没法)Water Displacement Method
4.1 平面截正方体 Cross Sections of a Cube
用一个平面去截正方体,截面可能是以下几种多边形:
| 截面形状 | 说明 |
|---|---|
| 三角形 | 等边三角形、等腰三角形等 |
| 四边形 | 矩形、正方形、菱形、梯形 |
| 五边形 | 截去正方体一个角 |
| 六边形 | 正六边形(平行于体对角线截取) |
4.2 平面截圆柱 Cross Sections of a Cylinder
一个长方体的长、宽、高分别为 3、4、5,求它的表面积。A rectangular prism has length 3, width 4, and height 5. Find its surface area.
一个正方体的体对角线长为 √3,求它的体积。A cube has a body diagonal of √3. Find its volume.
一个球体的表面积为 36π,求它的体积(用π表示)。A sphere has surface area 36π. Find its volume (in terms of π).
一个正方体内接于一个球,已知正方体的体积为 8,求球的表面积。A cube is inscribed in a sphere. If the cube's volume is 8, find the sphere's surface area.
两个相似的圆柱,高之比为 2:3,求它们的体积之比。Two similar cylinders have height ratio 2:3. Find the ratio of their volumes.
第1题正方体棱长为4,求表面积。A cube has edge length 4. Find its surface area.
第2题圆柱底面半径为3、高为10,求体积(用π表示)。A cylinder has base radius 3 and height 10. Find its volume (in terms of π).
第3题球体体积为 (32/3)π,求半径。A sphere has volume (32/3)π. Find its radius.
第4题棱锥底面积为12、高为5,求体积。A pyramid has base area 12 and height 5. Find its volume.
第5题一个正方体的体对角线长为 6,求棱长。A cube has body diagonal 6. Find its edge length.
第6题正方体内接于球,正方体棱长为4,求球的表面积。A cube of edge 4 is inscribed in a sphere. Find the sphere's surface area.
第7题两个相似的长方体,棱长之比为 1:2,则体积之比为?Two similar rectangular prisms have edge ratio 1:2. What is the ratio of their volumes?
第8题平面截一个正方体,截面不可能是以下哪种图形?A plane cuts a cube. Which shape is NOT possible as the cross-section?